Breast biopsy tissue sampling consists of mammary gland which will then be analyzed to microscope to check if it is a breast cancer. A breast biopsy is currently indicated when, mammogram or ultrasound, was discovered a tumor or when clinical examination is discovered breast lump.

        There are several ways that may be a biopsy of the breast. A piece of tissue is examined under a microscope to see if cancer cells are found:
-fine needle aspiration: Sting method is a small needle to skin and tumor tissues will be harvested under the microscope analysis. Aspiration may be necessary to see if it's a solid formation or a liquid (a cyst). If it is a cyst it will disappear after the liquid has been extracted. If there is liquid, another type of biopsy is necessary

        By puncture-biopsy, using a special needle. Needle piercing skin and reach the tumor tissue and drawn out about the size of a pen nibs. Such a type of biopsy can be done using a suction device that extracts in a gentle manner a greater portion of tumor tissue

-Guided biopsy which is used in case of a formation that does not feel the touch but is seen by mammography or ultrasound. It used a certain type of X-ray who found the area to be biopsy. Will be a small incision the breast and the needle will be guided radiology to take that tumor biopsy. This type of biopsy is not suitable for all types of breast tumors

Open-biopsy which is done through an incision in the breast and will remove a piece of tissue or whole tumor.

        If the doctor can not feel the formation tumor will put a needle into the suspected area during mammography that is performed just before surgery. The doctor will then be guided to the area suspected to achieve biopsy
Further tests or biopsies may be necessary if problems occur during the first biopsy or if the doctor has a suggestion about a certain area of the breast tissue
Preparing for investigation
A breast biopsy is necessary to check whether a tumor is found in breast malignant or a benign tumors.
Before the investigation must inform your patient:
-Is below a certain treatment
-Is allergic to any medications, including those used in anesthesia
Trouble- Blood or is taking medications anticoagulants like aspirin, heparin or warfarin
-Is pregnant or there is this possibility

       Whether biopsy is done under local anesthesia patient does not need any preparation before the examination.
If the biopsy is done under general anesthesia the patient should not drink or eat for 8 to 12 hours before biopsy. The patient will be sedated with an hour before the biopsy and will catch an intravenous line. The patient must come accompanied by someone because after examination may not lead you received sedatives or drugs were anesthetized by general.
Other examinations such as blood tests may be necessary before biopsy.
As the investigation is done
Fine needle aspiration
Fine needle aspiration biopsy can be done by an internist, a doctor, a radiologist or a surgeon. Biopsy can be done in the doctor's office, the clinic or hospital.

     The patient will undress to the waist. We have a cape or a robe on his shoulders Hospital. Biopsy will be held with the patient positioned sitting or lying on the examination table. Hands will be at your sides or overhead (depending on the faction tumor position) to have a doctor as the best approach.
That the doctor will anesthesia (where you make the incision) using a sedative drug. After the area is anesthetized, the needle will be inserted into the skin to the tumor faction. Ultrasound may be useful in guiding physician during biopsies.

     If the cyst is a tumor will drain all fluid and tissue will be taken for histopathological examination. If the tumor is solid will remove tissue for examination under a microscope. Biopsy sample will be sent to a lab for examination under a microscope. During biopsy patient to bed lying on examination.
Then the needle is withdrawn. We have put a compress on the incision site to stop the bleeding and applied a bandage will be easy. Such examination takes between 5 and 15 minutes.

Biopsy by puncture

This type of biopsy can be performed by a physician, a doctor, a radiologist or a surgeon. Biopsy can be done in the doctor in a hospital or clinic.
The patient will undress from the waist up and will be covered with a hospital gown, which will be placed on its shoulders. You will lay the examination bed. Hands will be at your sides or overhead depending on the position faction tumor.

Anesthesia where the doctor will do is to be cut by a shot, even where the biopsy needle will be inserted. Immediately after being numbed the area will be made a small incision in the skin. A particular action (tracer) will be inserted into breast tissue. Ultrasound may be useful in guiding biopsy doctor for your best. The patient will be lying during the investigation.
Needle biopsy will be removed after sampling. We have applied a compress to stop bleeding with pressure, and then applied a light bandage. This type of biopsy takes about 15 minutes.

Guided Biopsy

This type of biopsy is done by a radiologist. The investigation will be done in the radiology department.
The patient will undress from the waist up and then will cover the shoulders with a hospital gown and paper. It will sit on a special table that has a special hole that will take the breast. A mammogram will be performed to determine clearly established tumor.
Then the doctor will do a local anesthesia instead of where you insert the needle biopsy. After anesthesia and the effect will be made a small incision in the breast.

With radiology doctor will be guided biopsy needle to enter the tumor. Usually several samples are taken from several places of the faction. The patient will be lying around during biopsy.
Incision made will need, usually by suturing. We have put a compress to stop bleeding and then put a bandage will be easy. This type of biopsy takes about 60 minutes. Since that time, most is made of conducting mammography and finding the area where the biopsy will be done.

Open biopsy

This type of biopsy is performed by a surgeon or surgical ward in a hospital.
The patient will undress from the waist up and will be covered with a hospital gown, which will be placed on its shoulders. You will lay examination of bed. Hands will be at your sides or overhead depending on the position faction tumor.
Can be done with local or general anesthesia. If the patient receives local anesthesia and sedative drugs.

If you decide to use general anesthesia the patient will take an intravenous line through which I will administer medications. The patient will be conscious during the biopsy.
After the incision site was anesthetized after the patient is unconscious or if general anesthesia, the surgeon will make an incision to get to the tumor faction. If their location was marked tumors during mammography doctor will biopsy even in those areas.

After this the doctor will suture wounds and a bandage will be applied easily. Then the patient will be taken to recovery until he wakes up. Normally the patient can return to normal activities the very next day. The investigation takes about 60 minutes.
What It Feels investigation
If a local anesthesia will feel a slight sting when the needle stings the skin and can feel like a feeling pressure. After the first three types of biopsies may feel slightly sensitive incision site for 2-3 days.
Guided biopsy is more difficult because the patient must sit without moving the entire duration of the procedure. After another day biopsy patient will be advised to not lift weights or activities have you asking the chest muscles.
If open surgery biopsy patient will not feel anything because it is not conscious. After you pass the effect of general anesthesia the patient will receive a local anesthetic and will feel sleepy for several hours.

2-3 days after open biopsy, the patient will feel tired. Could it easy to accuse and a sore throat due to probe intubations. Gargle with salt water and disinfectants that may help relieve throat pain.

After open biopsy may feel sensitive breast, Swollen with bruises. The pain will disappear in a week. Any bruising will disappear within 2 weeks. Still edema tough skin and can be felt 6-8 weeks. It is useful to use a bra for 2-3 days after biopsy. The patient should not have activities that may require chest muscles.
Risks
There is a risk of infection at the incision for biopsy. Infection can be treated with antibiotics.
The patient must tell the doctor if:
-Pain lasts longer than one week
-Persist erythematic, the bleeding or appears pus incision site
-Appears fever
Guided biopsy by puncture or biopsy may leave a small scar round the incision or open biopsy if there is a linear scar. Fine needle biopsy does not leave scars, usually.
What can influence the outcome of the review
A biopsy consists of taking the mammary gland tissue to be examined under a microscope to check if it is a breast cancer.

Breast biopsy result

Normal: No cancer cells or atypical cells
Pathologically benign breast tumors may include cysts, nodules fibrochistici, and solid tumors such as fibro adenoma. Fibroadenom can be removed or be left in place but still watched closely. Will not disappear but usually do not turn into malignant tumors.

Other diseases may be benign lymphomas, calcifications or abscess. Abnormal growth of cells called atypical ductal hyperplasia or other changes in cells. If it is hyperplasia atypical ductal biopsy may be needed to safely open non cancerous cells.
Cancer cells are present.
What may affect examination
If the patient is too large breasts can be hard to do biopsy. Needle biopsy takes tissue from a small area and there is the risk of cancer cells to escape.

 

Note
-Ultrasound can be of real help if the needle biopsy or puncture
-Presence of breast lumps can be normal. Often fibrous tissue in the breast may feel in the form of nodules, especially before the menstrual period. These nodules are quite common in women that doctors think is normal for a change. They disappear after menopause, but also can be found if the woman Menopause is hormone replacement therapy
-75% Of breast lumps are benign
-Best option is open but the biopsy needle positioning in the suspected area after a mammogram
-Mammography or clinical breast examination should be done after the biopsy guided fine needle or a benign tumor found to exist certainly biopsy was taken in the area. If you still require a tissue sample to be made an open biopsy
-Biopsy sample can be examined immediately. Tissue samples will be frozen and then divided into very small sections will be analyzed under a microscope. Patient's doctor can give an answer immediately after analyzing the sample under a microscope. Then make a more thorough analysis of biopsy and the results will be communicated to the patient in 3-5 days
-If the biopsy indicates cancer tissue will be done, and hormonal determinations estrogen and progesterone to clarify how these hormones may influence tumor growth. Can also give information about possible relapse. These results are needed to guide the doctor in case you decide to prescribe a hormonal treatment, such as tamoxifen in the overall treatment.
-May be necessary if other biopsies detect malignant tissue. These may include:
-Flow cytometry, which checks the type of cells in tissue biopsy. This test helps to discover cells that have a fast growth rate, which are more malignant cells
-tumor markers and protein-2/neu her. These markers helps the doctor to prescribe a treatment as good
Cancerous tissue, if found, will be open armpit lymph nodes to see if at this level were affected. Will be removed if any part of the lymph nodes or all nodes in the armpit. This can cause a edema important arm on the side of the armpit (lymphedema)
- Biopsy of sentinel lymph nodes can be done instead of removing all nodes. So no more at risk limeade arm. Before performing sentinel biopsy is a test to see which nodes are affected. A radioactive marker is placed where the tissue is cancerous and a special machine take pictures of lymph nodes.

The blue color can be used in sentinel biopsy. The first affected lymph node is called sentinel nodes. These nodes are the first areas in which spread cancer. Can ii patient to remain for several days, the blue skin. Urine may be green for 24 hours. Surrounding lymph tissue is removed and then examined microscopically to see if any cancer cells. If the sentinel lymph cancer cells exist, they will be removed to limit the growth of cancers.